ASTM E2472-12R18E04 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Resistance to Stable Crack Extension under Low-Constraint Conditions

1.1 This standard covers the determination of the resistance to stable crack extension in metallic materials in terms of the critical crack-tip-opening angle (CTOA), ψ_c and/or the crack-opening displacement (COD), δ₅ resistance curve (1).2 This method applies specifically to fatigue pre-cracked specimens that exhibit low constraint (crack-size-to-thickness and un-cracked ligament-to-thickness ratios greater than or equal to 4) and that are tested under slowly increasing remote applied displacement. The test specimens are the compact, C(T), and middle-crack-tension, M(T), specimens. The fracture resistance determined in accordance with this standard is measured as ψ_c (critical CTOA value) and/or δ₅ (critical COD resistance curve) as a function of crack extension. Both fracture resistance parameters are characterized using either a single-specimen or multiple-specimen procedures. These fracture quantities are determined under the opening mode (Mode I) of loading. Influences of environment and rapid loading rates are not covered in this standard, but the user must be aware of the effects that the loading rate and laboratory environment may have on the fracture behavior of the material.

1.2 Materials that are evaluated by this standard are not limited by strength, thickness, or toughness, if the crack-size-to-thickness (a/B) ratio and the ligament-to-thickness (b/B) ratio are greater than or equal to 4, which ensures relatively low and similar global crack-front constraint for both the C(T) and M(T) specimens (2, 3).

1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.