BS 4485-4:1996

This standard BS 4485-4:1996 Water cooling towers is classified in these ICS categories:

• 27.100 Power stations in general
• 91.080.99 Other structures

This Part of BS 4485 gives recommendations for the structural design and construction of water cooling towers of the following types:

1. type 1. Natural draught or assisted draught towers, in which the total air flow is wholly or partly induced by a reinforced concrete shell of hyperboloidal form;

2. type 2. Mechanical draught towers, in which the total air flow is induced wholly by mechanical means within an enclosed structure.

It applies only to those cooling towers constructed or erected on site and excludes factory assembled towers. In addition, matters relating to construction and workmanship in concrete and other materials are dealt with only in so far as they are specific to cooling tower construction. Other items of construction are referred to in appropriate specifications.

This code of practice covers the design of towers up to 170 m in height. However certain restrictions apply to formulae used for towers greater than 120 m in height.

NOTE For cooling towers of type 1, shells similar in shape to the true hyperboloidal form may be considered. Where these other shapes are adopted then certain sections of this standard may not be strictly applicable.

Applicable to structural design and construction on site of hyperboloidal shell natural draught towers, and to mechanical draught towers.