IEEE 2686-2024

This recommended practice includes information on the design, configuration, and interoperability of battery management systems (BMSs) in stationary applications. This document considers the BMS to be a functionally distinct component of a battery energy storage system (BESS) that includes active functions necessary to protect the battery from modes of operation that could impact its safety or longevity. This document covers battery management technologies, configuration by application and battery type, and interoperability with other systems. Technologies include battery management peripheral devices and subsystems, balancing methods, sensor types and placement, physical and software architectures, and battery management functions. Configuration includes both grid-supporting and non-grid-supporting applications and specific recommendations for the following battery types: lithium-ion, flow, sodium-β, and alkaline zinc-manganese. General recommendations applicable to other battery types are provided. Interoperability recommendations include guidance such as minimum measurement accuracy and state-of-charge reporting standards, communications including information models and error reporting, and cybersecurity including access control and software update management best practices. Transportable energy storage systems that are stationary during operation are included in this standard. This document does not cover BMSs for mobile applications such as electric vehicles; nor does it include operation in vehicle-to-grid applications. Energy storage management systems (ESMS), which control the dispatch of power and energy to and from the grid, are not covered.

Well-designed battery management is critical for the safety and longevity of batteries in stationary applications. This document aims to establish best practices in the design, configuration, and integration of BMSs used in energy storage applications.

New IEEE Standard - Active. Information and recommendations on the design, configuration, and interoperability of battery management systems in stationary applications is included in this recommended practice. The battery management system is considered to be a functionally distinct component of a battery energy storage system that includes active functions necessary to protect the battery from modes of operation that could impact its safety or longevity. Recommendations on how to configure a battery management system to protect a given battery type in each application environment are provided. Lastly, recommended communication structures and data models that help support interoperability and cybersecurity are stipulated. A comprehensive list of best practices around the design and integration of battery management systems that protect the safety and longevity of batteries in energy storage applications is developed as a result.