PD ISO/SAE PAS 22736:2021 - Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to Driving Automation Systems for On-Road Motor Vehicles

Standard Number: PD ISO/SAE PAS 22736:2021

Pages: 48

Released: 2021-10-29

ISBN: 978 0 539 19104 2

Name: Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to Driving Automation Systems for On-Road Motor Vehicles

Status: Standard

Overview

In the rapidly evolving world of driving automation, having a clear and standardized set of terms is crucial for ensuring consistency and understanding across the industry. The PD ISO/SAE PAS 22736:2021 standard provides a comprehensive taxonomy and definitions for terms related to driving automation systems for on-road motor vehicles. This standard is an essential resource for professionals in the automotive industry, researchers, policymakers, and anyone involved in the development and deployment of driving automation technologies.

Key Features

• Comprehensive Coverage: The standard covers a wide range of terms and definitions related to driving automation systems, ensuring that all relevant aspects are addressed.
• Industry-Standard Terminology: Developed by ISO and SAE, this standard reflects the consensus of leading experts in the field, providing authoritative and widely accepted terminology.
• Clarity and Consistency: By standardizing terms, this document helps to eliminate confusion and miscommunication, facilitating clearer communication and collaboration across the industry.
• Up-to-Date Information: Released in October 2021, this standard incorporates the latest advancements and insights in driving automation technology.

Why This Standard is Important

As driving automation technology continues to advance, the need for a common language becomes increasingly important. The PD ISO/SAE PAS 22736:2021 standard plays a critical role in:

• Facilitating Innovation: By providing a clear and consistent set of terms, this standard helps to streamline research and development efforts, enabling faster and more efficient innovation.
• Enhancing Safety: Clear communication is essential for ensuring the safe design, testing, and deployment of driving automation systems. This standard helps to ensure that all stakeholders are on the same page, reducing the risk of misunderstandings and errors.
• Supporting Regulation: Policymakers and regulators rely on standardized terminology to develop and enforce regulations. This standard provides the foundation for creating effective and enforceable rules for driving automation systems.
• Improving Collaboration: With a common set of terms, professionals from different organizations and disciplines can more easily collaborate and share knowledge, driving progress in the field of driving automation.

Who Should Use This Standard?

The PD ISO/SAE PAS 22736:2021 standard is designed for a wide range of stakeholders, including:

• Automotive Engineers and Designers: Professionals involved in the design and development of driving automation systems will find this standard invaluable for ensuring that their work aligns with industry best practices.
• Researchers and Academics: Those conducting research in the field of driving automation can use this standard to ensure that their terminology is consistent with industry standards, facilitating clearer communication of their findings.
• Policymakers and Regulators: This standard provides the foundation for developing regulations and policies related to driving automation, helping to ensure that they are based on a clear and consistent set of terms.
• Industry Professionals: Anyone involved in the automotive industry, from manufacturers to suppliers, can benefit from the clarity and consistency provided by this standard.

Content Highlights

The PD ISO/SAE PAS 22736:2021 standard includes:

• Detailed Definitions: Clear and precise definitions for a wide range of terms related to driving automation systems.
• Taxonomy: A structured classification of terms, helping to organize and categorize the various aspects of driving automation.
• Illustrative Examples: Examples and scenarios that help to clarify the meaning and usage of terms.
• Cross-References: References to related terms and concepts, providing a comprehensive understanding of the terminology.

Conclusion

The PD ISO/SAE PAS 22736:2021 standard is an essential resource for anyone involved in the field of driving automation. By providing a clear and consistent set of terms, this standard helps to facilitate innovation, enhance safety, support regulation, and improve collaboration. Whether you are an automotive engineer, researcher, policymaker, or industry professional, this standard will provide you with the terminology you need to succeed in the rapidly evolving world of driving automation.

PD ISO/SAE PAS 22736:2021

This standard PD ISO/SAE PAS 22736:2021 Taxonomy and definitions for terms related to driving automation systems for on-road motor vehicles is classified in these ICS categories:

• 03.220.20 Road transport
• 01.040.03 Services. Company organization, management and quality. Administration. Transport. Sociology. (Vocabularies)
• 35.240.60 IT applications in transport and trade
• 01.040.35 Information technology. Office machines (Vocabularies)

This document describes [motor] vehicle driving automation systems that perform part or all of the dynamic driving task (DDT) on a sustained basis. It provides a taxonomy with detailed definitions for six levels of driving automation, ranging from no driving automation (Level 0) to full driving automation (Level 5), in the context of [motor] vehicles (hereafter also referred to as “vehicle” or “vehicles”) and their operation on roadways:

Level 0: No Driving Automation

Level 1: Driver Assistance

Level 2: Partial Driving Automation

Level 3: Conditional Driving Automation

Level 4: High Driving Automation

Level 5: Full Driving Automation

These level definitions, along with additional supporting terms and definitions provided herein, can be used to describe the full range of driving automation features equipped on [motor] vehicles in a functionally consistent and coherent manner. “On-road” refers to publicly accessible roadways (including parking areas and private campuses that permit public access) that collectively serve all road users, including cyclists, pedestrians, and users of vehicles with and without driving automation features.

The levels apply to the driving automation feature(s) that are engaged in any given instance of on-road operation of an equipped vehicle. As such, although a given vehicle may be equipped with a driving automation system that is capable of delivering multiple driving automation features that perform at different levels, the level of driving automation exhibited in any given instance is determined by the feature(s) that are engaged.

This document also refers to three primary actors in driving: the (human) user, the driving automation system, and other vehicle systems and components. These other vehicle systems and components (or the vehicle in general terms) do not include the driving automation system in this model, even though as a practical matter a driving automation system may actually share hardware and software components with other vehicle systems, such as a processing module(s) or operating code.

The levels of driving automation are defined by reference to the specific role played by each of the three primary actors in performance of the DDT and/or DDT fallback. “Role” in this context refers to the expected role of a given primary actor, based on the design of the driving automation system in question and not necessarily to the actual performance of a given primary actor. For example, a driver who fails to monitor the roadway during engagement of a Level 1 adaptive cruise control (ACC) system still has the role of driver, even while s/he is neglecting it.

Active safety systems, such as electronic stability control (ESC) and automatic emergency braking (AEB), and certain types of driver assistance systems, such as lane keeping assistance (LKA), are excluded from the scope of this driving automation taxonomy because they do not perform part or all of the DDT on a sustained basis, but rather provide momentary intervention during potentially hazardous situations. Due to the momentary nature of the actions of active safety systems, their intervention does not change or eliminate the role of the driver in performing part or all of the DDT, and thus are not considered to be driving automation, even though they perform automated functions. In addition, systems that inform, alert, or warn the driver about hazards in the driving environment are also outside the scope of this driving automation taxonomy, as they neither automate part or all of the DDT, nor change the driver’s role in performance of the DDT (see 8.13).

It should be noted, however, that crash avoidance features, including intervention-type active safety systems, may be included in vehicles equipped with driving automation systems at any level. For automated driving system (ADS) features (i.e., Levels 3 to 5) that perform the complete DDT, crash mitigation and avoidance capability is part of ADS functionality (see also 8.13).